{"id":65273,"date":"2024-02-06T14:51:48","date_gmt":"2024-02-06T11:51:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/api.pozirk.online\/?post_type=longreads&p=65273"},"modified":"2026-03-09T20:10:49","modified_gmt":"2026-03-09T20:10:49","slug":"miroslav-papa-contact-group-on-belarus-investment-in-future","status":"publish","type":"longreads","link":"https:\/\/pozirk.online\/en\/longreads\/65273\/","title":{"rendered":"Miroslav Papa: contact group on Belarus investment in future"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\n\n \"\"\n
\n
\n\n Miroslav Papa, CoE Directorate of Political Affairs and External Relations\n <\/div>\n \n
\n (CoE \/ Sandro Weltin)<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>P:<\/strong> It has been more than a year since the working group was established. Could you please explain the reason for establishing this group and what has been achieved in this period? <\/p>\n\n\n\n

MP:<\/strong> Actually, the decision was taken already in September 2022, but you are right the group was working on it for about a year. The very first meeting took place at the end of 2022 in Strasbourg and since then we have had four meetings. We had the last one on December 1 last year to take stock of what was achieved over the past year period and discuss activities for the next two years. We are now planning activities for two years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The idea behind was actually the proposal for institutional cooperation between the Council of Europe and Belarus\u2019 democratic opposition and civil society, which came from Madame [\u015aviat\u0142ana Cichano\u016dskaja] when she addressed the deputies in July 2022. So that decision was a direct follow-up in this regard. However, the format was more or less chosen deliberately not to be a political format, but this is the format actually between the democratic opposition and civil society and the Secretariat of the Council of Europe. So more or less you may call it technical cooperation, we rather call it expert cooperation, because the activities are actually aimed at those who will benefit from them and not necessarily for political dialogue, which is taking place in different formats including through the Parliamentary Assembly, but also through other local and regional governments and our political bodies in particular.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The format was decided upon by the decision of the deputies, so actually we asked the Belarusian opposition authorities to nominate their representatives. We have five representatives from the ranks of the democratic opposition and five from civil society. And there was more or less a kind of self-determination: a total of ten representatives, five from the democratic opposition and communities as it is officially called and the other five from civil society. I would not give you the names because we are not going out for obvious reasons we were also asked to do so those from the democratic opposition, but we have a special representative of Madame Cichano\u016dskaja on elections who is a co-chair and the co-chair on the Council of Europe side.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Then we have a representative of the United Transitional Cabinet, of the Coordination Council, of the gender equality issues feminist group of Coordination Council and a representative on diaspora and culture. That is the part of the opposition. On the civil society we have representatives of Belarusian Helsinki Committee, of the journalist community who is also at the same time representative of youth, so a kind of double-headed, of the Viasna Human Rights Center, the Belarusian National Youth Council Rada and of NGOs. So this is actually the current composition as we have.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

From the Council of Europe side we have more people participating because it very much depends on activities we carry out. We have more and more activities envisaged, so our colleagues from the communications department will also be part of concrete activities saying, for example, what we aim for the next period and better explain the Council of Europe’s role to the targeted groups, and this is something that we intend also to do in the future. So on our side I think we have more and more people from the secretariat participating because it’s very much, I would say, demand driven in view of activities we envisage and what we are planning for the next two-year period.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

What we achieved over the past year, I can say that well on the political side I think it is very clear that political dialogue has been very much strengthened. You have this permanent participation now of Belarusian democratic forces during the part-time sessions of the assembly for example what is happening now, relevant meetings with assembly groups, committees, the rapporteur and the general rapporteur. But on a concrete side, which I’m very proud of because I think that’s actually the core of the work of the contact group, we introduced study visits by Belarusian lawyers and youth activists. So we organized it throughout the year and we will continue to do so even at a higher pace. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Various campaign building activities for example in the areas of combating discrimination and violence against women. Then Belarusian representatives participated in the last session of the World Forum on Democracy, which took place in Strasbourg in November. And we will continue with this exercise. And we held two workshops for Belarusian journalists in exile and actually we plan more for years to come.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

That’s what we achieved over the past year. It’s maybe modest if you look from the point of view of how many activities took place, but from this perspective we also have to say that the feedback is very positive from the contact group side and secondly that we really started from scratch. That was a very innovative activity for us. The Council of Europe was never engaged, we always have action plans with governments. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

P:<\/strong> And going to those action plans. You just mentioned a seminar for lawyers. In previous years when were contacts with official Minsk, as far as I remember there was a project for study visits by Belarusian judges and lawyers. The Council of Europe was really excited about it and they really believed that the project would help judges learn how to do justice in the right way. However, in 2020 and afterward, all those judges have participated in repression. What do you think about this? It was a big project to educate them and did it actually fail in the end?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2014 I think it is really a worrying sign that you\u2019ve mentioned here, that the majority of judges who participated in one way or the other, who familiarized themselves with Council of Europe standards, are participating in repressive actions. These activities \u2013 although they were also quite modest comparing to, for example, full-fledged action plans, which we have with the member state \u2013 but at the time I, of course as you mentioned, was part of the activities of the action plan we had with the government of Belarus, before we suspended all the activities in 2022.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

That was something that all copied in a way, what was done with the member states in the past, also the countries that were in the accession process or were striving towards membership in the Council of Europe as we don’t have formal candidate countries, but you can compare it for example to the EU candidate countries in the past.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

So that was actually the idea to achieve it. Obviously when you come to this kind of projects I would always say you know they always have limited possibilities to have an impact. And why I say so, because it’s not only about the countries that are not yet members, but also about member states because you will always have judges who will be more recipient even in the member states for example for a direct application of the European convention, who are more aware of the human rights standards than the others. So we are not saying that there is a magic wand for that. But the idea is that it is important to raise awareness, it is also for the future because it is very important that you will be capable to have better young generations and understand what the Strasbourg system is about, especially in the modern world where it enables people to learn a little bit also from a distance, video conferencing and other legal courses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

So one day when there will be a right situation for Belarus democratic forces to return to the country and we’ll be able to continue the path of Belarus towards membership in the Council of Europe, to be part of the European family, to embrace the democratic standards and human rights protection that they will know what it is all about. So they will be able to draft laws which will actually be in the line with the standards. So that’s exactly the idea behind.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

I think we are gaining momentum with that because also as I said, it’s very much about conviction. You need to convince people so that they believe in these standards and apply them. If you have people who don’t believe in them, then it would be people who just want to go for a visit. That was probably happening in the past with these projects, but this is not what we want to have for the future.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

But we are convinced that we are on the right path. We really have people who believe in it and we actually give very positive feedback on what is already going on and we are asked for more. And this is what we can actually offer and this is a good sign that actually these efforts are meaningful.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P:<\/strong> I think that people who are coming now are more motivated to gain some knowledge for the future. And if we’re coming back to this planning for two years. Are there any<\/p>\n\n\n\n

concrete suggestions at the moment?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

MP:<\/strong> I can’t give you all the details because we are still waiting for final confirmation from the Belarusian authorities. I think we might have it even today. But more or less we<\/p>\n\n\n\n

have agreed on the list. So besides of course these activities with human rights, we will continue with study visits and seminars for lawyers. We actually have these help courses for human rights law professionals. There are several activities focusing on the abolition of the death penalty which is a very important thing when it comes to Belarus. We will continue of course with a political aspect of dialogue within the Parliamentary Assembly and with the Congress of Local and Regional Authorities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Something new we have in the pipeline is more focus on violence against women and domestic violence. So relative to the Council of Europe standards you know the Istanbul Convention is one, but even going beyond that, from the initiative to promote equality and non-discrimination in Belarus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Then some additional activities related to the safety of journalists, strengthening the capacities and skills of Belarusian journalists in exile.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Roundtable and consultations on good democratic governance, support to Belarus civil society shadow reporting. It’s particularly in the UN context. Belarus is a member of the UN, so that helps very much in the context of monitoring and we are there to provide capacities for this shadow reporting for the NGOs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Then we have quite a lot of activities on youth where we were I would say quite championing on that also over the last year, advocacy democratic participation for youth, special program for Belarusian legal professionals. This is a novelty compared to previous years and a new public outreach by the Council of Europe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

So I think it’s quite an ambitious program for the next two years. We of course depend entirely on voluntary contributions for the activities. So we really count on the member states and even beyond our membership \u2014 our observer states, partners, the European Union also to provide further financial assistance to these activities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

We are in permanent contact with the European Union and other partners. The scope of the activities will of course depend on the financial resources, but we are actually very much working on that to ensure that all the activities and research will take place sometime during the next two-year period.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

And I think that we are planning now the two-year period of activities, which aligns more or less to the periods of our budgeting.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P:<\/strong> When it comes to ordinary Belarusians, especially those who are in a country, they are sometimes asking: okay there is a lot of talk about Belarus, a lot of meetings to discuss how it would be in the future, but what we have now, how it would help us with our situation in Belarus? Are there any ideas of how the Council of Europe could help improve the situation, maybe to start any negotiations with official Minsk for releasing political prisoners? Because people ask why there is a lot of talk but no real deals at the moment and the situation is worsening, repression is intensifying and people are just devastated that they can’t change anything and they don’t receive any help for change.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

MP:<\/strong> We are fully aware of the worsening situation. We are following it closely, but as you mentioned I of course fully understand the concerns of people there and we are concerned with what’s going on there and obviously what we see over the past year. Things only get tougher as they crack down on anything which would even be of a reasonable character of having civic or democratic context.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

What about the Council of Europe? As you are certainly aware, Belarus was never a member of the Council. So you would understand that especially now since 2022 we had this focal point, which was in Minsk in the university, but we closed it down and it was even defunct before because of the attitude of Belarussian official authorities at the time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

So our leverage honestly as an international organization there is rather limited for many different reasons, especially because of the fact that first if you have a country that is not a member of the organization your leverage is certainly smaller, lower than you would have when the country is a member of an organization, especially with regard to standards.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Since we suspended all the activities we only see the extreme reticence from Belarussian authorities concerning anything coming from the Council of Europe. Paradoxically, for example, Belarus now denounced more conventions than the Russian Federation which was expelled from our membership.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Or at least the number is the same, but even Russia didn’t denounce these conventions that Belarus did over the past year. So it’s obviously also a sign of alienation of anything coming from the Council of Europe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Belarus is equal to Russia in terms that it is very vocal against the Council of Europe in the OSCE, in the UN and other forums. So I wouldn’t consider in any way realistic that it would be the Council of Europe that will engage with Belarusian official authorities in the country on any negotiation regarding the future.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

That’s exactly the reason why as the Council of Europe we want to invest in the future of the country, as soon as possible to create conditions for having democratic Belarus to join us as soon as possible in the Council of Europe. So that the accession process can actually then be much faster one day when it will be possible to enter the community of democratic nations, because it was never a member of the Council of Europe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

But this is something that is more or less how we see the role of this organization and that’s the reason why we were actually the first organization that created such a format which goes beyond you know contact with the state, but with the democratic opposition (this was<\/p>\n\n\n\n

particularly innovative) and civil society.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Now we are copied by a number of other organizations. The EU actually followed our example. The OSCE cannot do it officially, but they have a group of friends. The United States actually very much copied also. The strategic dialogue very much copied our framework. I know when we were there for consultations, they were very interested in how we started the process. So I think it was a very visionary investment decision for the future. But I also think that we as the Council of Europe should also help to meet our standards. . . .<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P:<\/strong> And the Belarusian democratic forces are preparing some documents, for example a strategy of changes in Belarus in economy, politics, election law or, for example, a document on how lustration could be carried out in Belarus. Have they made any request to the CoE for help with these, to share some expertise? And can the CoE provide such help?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

MP:<\/strong> Actually, if you ask formally, not. Because usually we have this procedure for expert opinions \u2014 it has to come from a country and in this case it could not be possible. But the training of young legal professionals and also knowledge about the human rights standards very much focuses on this. And there was a request coming from the both opposition forces and civil society to check the future legislation, which they’re already working upon. It includes possible constitutional changes and, as you mentioned, electoral law.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

If there were something you might call lustration law . . . then the lustration should be in line with the standards. We have very clear standards on this matter both from the different parts of the organization in a political sense, but also the Venice commission has very clear standards on<\/p>\n\n\n\n

elections. It is the same for the vetting processes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The future legislation we prepare would actually already be broadly in line with the Council of Europe standards in reflecting human rights and rule of law standards, basic democratic standards in a context of the elections which then will help to make these things fully in line with what Council of Europe stands on and what are the relevant European standards applicable at the moment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P:<\/strong> The Council of Europe has frozen contacts with official Minsk. There was no cooperation, but has the Council of Europe received any request from official Minsk for negotiations, consultations on how to improve the situation or something like this?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

MP:<\/strong> No. The reaction of course, when the decision of suspension was adopted, was actually at the same time in the same package, although a separate decision formally changed the Russian Federation’s status to suspension.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Since the official representative of Belarus had the room here in the palace together with the other delegations, the decision was taken that this room would not be available to the official representatives of Belarus. They had to leave. That was of course very harsh reactions. . . .<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Since then actually we have not had any signs from official Belarus, no attempts to approach us, except, as I mentioned, the official denunciation with quite, I would say, harsh language. . . .<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For example, on August 17 Belarus denounced the Bern convention on the protection of natural heritage, wildlife and habitat. As for the November 28 suspension, whatever it may mean legally, I’m a lawyer by training, I mean legally suspension means nothing as compared to the denunciation of the European culture convention.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P:<\/strong> And the convention against corruption, GRECO group I mean, Minsk denounced it too.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

MP:<\/strong> No, it is still in the process. Minsk announced it. It is a copy, because Russia did it. So, for Russia it already took effect, for Belarus it is still not. It is in the process. So, you see that from that side it’s more difficult in that sense and these are obvious signs of certain alienation towards the Council of Europe. And as I said if you count a number of conventions, the type of conventions, for example, you\u2019ll see that even Russia didn’t go so far.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P:<\/strong> If you mentioned Russia I can’t avoid the question about the war<\/p>\n\n\n\n

in Ukraine. \u0141uka\u0161enka is playing on the Russian side and his support makes the lives of Belarusians in exile more difficult. There are restrictions in some countries, attitude towards Belarusians, etc. Does the official Minsk\u2019s support of this war influences somehow the CoE work with democratic forces? I mean, if there were any concerns from member states about cooperation and work with the Belarusians? <\/p>\n\n\n\n

MP:<\/strong>  I think it’s a very clear political message coming from all parts of our organization regarding this part of cooperation with the democratic opposition and civil society in the contact group. It’s highly valued. However, it is also very clearly recognized \u2014 and here it started with the Parliamentary Assembly regarding the role of official authorities in Belarus in the context of the abduction of Ukrainian children, where this role has been proven.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Maybe not that exposed in the media, compared with the Russian role, but it’s getting more and more in the spotlight. But it started with the Parliamentary Assembly\u2019s resolution and recommendation and also with the declaration adopted at the summit, which equally mentioned Belarus and the Russian Federation as those responsible. It was a special declaration regarding the Ukrainian children that clearly pointed to the responsibility of official Belarus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

So, from the organization, we have the highest level condemnation of the role of Belarus in this context in particular.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

But I have to admit that it gives even more impetus to cooperation in the context of the contact group with Belarus\u2019 democratic opposition and civil society.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

P: It has been more than a year since the working group was established. Could you please explain the reason for establishing this group and what has been achieved in this period?  MP: Actually, the decision was taken already in September 2022, but you are right the group was working on it for about a […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":83,"featured_media":65188,"template":"","rubric":[14,22],"class_list":["post-65273","longreads","type-longreads","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","rubric-politics","rubric-theviewer"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nMiroslav Papa: contact group on Belarus investment in future | Pozirk<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"P: It has been more than a year since the working group was established. 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